With federal non-compete rules tied up in litigation, individual states are moving forward with their own bans and restrictions on employment non-compete agreements.

Minnesota, California, and Oklahoma have total bans, while other states are enacting income thresholds or industry-specific limits. Employers must adapt to a patchwork of rules.

Employment lawyers recommend companies review existing agreements, strengthen trade secret protections, and consider garden leave provisions as alternatives to traditional non-competes.